CA Foundation 2-Year Plan

Covers basic economic concepts, micro vs macroeconomics, economic agents, and the scope of economics in competitive exams including national income, growth, and development metrics.

Law of demand and supply, determinants, market equilibrium, movements vs shifts in curves, price elasticity, and applications — foundational microeconomics frequently asked in Prelims.

Price, income, and cross elasticity of demand; elasticity of supply; measurement methods and practical applications in taxation and pricing decisions — a calculative yet scoring topic.

Utility analysis, indifference curves, budget line, consumer equilibrium, derivation of demand curve, and ordinal utility approach — important for understanding microeconomic foundations.

Production function, law of variable proportions, returns to scale, isoquant and isocost analysis, and optimal input combination — theoretical base for understanding firm behaviour.

Short-run and long-run cost curves, explicit and implicit costs, fixed and variable costs, TC, AC, MC relationships, and economies of scale — essential for market structure analysis.

Perfect competition, monopoly, monopolistic competition, and oligopoly — assumptions, equilibrium, efficiency, and real-world examples including duopoly models — a high-weight competitive economics topic.

Labour market, wage determination, rent, interest, and profit — distribution theory connecting to national income and inequality discussions in macroeconomics.

Complex numbers as a+ib, algebra of complex numbers, modulus and argument, De Moivre's theorem, cube roots of unity, quadratic equations with real and complex roots, discriminant, and nature of roots.

Types of matrices, matrix operations (addition, multiplication, transpose), adjoint and inverse of matrices, determinant evaluation (up to 3×3), properties of determinants, and solving linear equations using matrices.

Fundamental principle of counting, permutation (linear and circular), combination, Pascal's triangle, binomial theorem (general and middle term), binomial expansion for positive integer indices, and arrangement problems.

Arithmetic progression (AP), geometric progression (GP), arithmetic-geometric progression (AGP), harmonic progression (HP), sum of n terms, infinite series convergence, and AM-GM inequality applications.

Positive integral index binomial expansion, general and middle terms, Pascal's triangle, binomial coefficient properties, and applications in finding coefficients and approximations.

Trigonometric ratios, identities (basic and conditional), signs in quadrants, allied angles, sum-to-product and product-to-sum formulas, multiple and submultiple angles, and solving trigonometric equations.

Cartesian coordinate system, distance formula, section formula, area of triangle, slope-intercept form, general equation of line, angle between lines, perpendicular and parallel conditions, and solving linear equations graphically.

Circle (equation, tangents, normals), parabola (standard forms, focal properties), ellipse (eccentricity, latus rectum), hyperbola (asymptotes, rectangular hyperbola), and standard equations with transformations.

Tense, subject-verb agreement, articles (a, an, the), prepositions, conjunctions, voice (active/passive), narration (direct/indirect), and error spotting — grammar fundamentals tested in BITSAT English section.

Synonyms, antonyms, one-word substitutions, homophones, idioms, phrases, and phrasal verbs — contextual vocabulary usage and word power tested through sentence completion and reading passages.

Passages on general, scientific, and literary topics with questions on main idea, inference, vocabulary in context, tone, and fact-vs-opinion — speed reading and comprehension skills assessed.

Rearranging jumbled sentences to form a coherent paragraph — tests logical sequencing, connector usage, and understanding of discourse structure in written English.

Identifying the most grammatically correct and stylistically appropriate version of an underlined portion — combines grammar precision with clarity of expression.

Passage with missing words to be filled from given options — tests vocabulary, grammar, and contextual coherence simultaneously in a time-efficient format.

Word pairs with relationships (synonym, antonym, part-whole, function, cause-effect) — reasoning through linguistic relationships and logical word connections.

Identifying the main point or best summary of a passage — tests ability to extract core meaning and distinguish between details and central ideas in written text.